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中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

  资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

开业运营7周年 亚投行“朋友圈”何以越来越大?******

  新华社北京1月16日电 题:开业运营7周年 亚投行“朋友圈”何以越来越大?

  新华社记者潘洁

  1月16日,亚洲基础设施投资银行迎来开业运营七周年。从七年前的57个创始成员国到如今拥有来自世界六大洲的106个成员,亚投行“朋友圈”何以越来越大?

  坚定践行多边主义,同行伙伴越聚越多——

  半个多月前,非洲国家毛里塔尼亚获批加入亚投行。如今,亚投行已拥有106个成员,覆盖全球81%的人口和65%的GDP,成为成员数量仅少于世界银行的全球第二大国际多边开发机构。

  保持开放,始终敞开大门;共促发展,与合作伙伴携手前行。

  2022年,亚投行新成立了融资伙伴关系局,拓宽与全球发展领域机构的友好合作关系。此外,亚投行还同欧佩克国际发展基金、拉丁美洲开发银行、德国复兴信贷银行以及中国进出口银行等机构建立了合作伙伴关系,共同推动解决全球发展问题。

  项目越做越多,公信力不断提升——

  2018年,孟加拉国帕德玛巴瑞村首次实现电力接入。七年来,像这样通过助力基础设施建设、推动当地经济社会发展、改善人民生活的项目,亚投行已累计批准了202个,融资总额超过388亿美元,带动资本近1300亿美元。

  在坚定支持亚洲域内成员可持续发展的基础上,2022年亚投行加大了对域外成员的融资支持力度,首个巴西项目与首个科特迪瓦项目先后获批。七年来,亚投行的项目分布在全球33个国家,涉及能源、交通、水务、通信、教育、公共卫生等行业领域。

  快速增长的业务规模也在推动亚投行不断扩大全球业务布局。继天津办公室2021年设立和启用后,亚投行2022年开始筹建在阿联酋首都阿布扎比的首个海外办事处,拓展在中东、中亚、非洲、拉美等地区的投资业务。

  得益于良好的业务发展、审慎的风险控制、高标准的内部治理和管理,亚投行始终保持三大国际评级机构给予的最高AAA级信用评级。

  合作质量越来越高,发展越来越快——

  2020年9月,亚投行出台了首个中期发展战略(2021—2030),绿色基础设施被列为四大业务重点领域之一。为此,亚投行设立了气候融资目标,即到2025年气候融资至少要占核准融资总额的50%。2022年,亚投行的全年气候融资尤其显著,占比达到55%。

  勇于开拓创新,响应多元需求。作为国际多边机构大家庭中的新成员,亚投行创新发展理念、业务模式与机构治理,通过灵活多样的发展融资产品,促进互联互通、推动绿色发展。

  2022年6月,亚投行在中国银行间市场成功发行15亿元可持续发展熊猫债。这是可持续发展债券推出后国际多边机构在中国境内发行的首单可持续发展债券,为境内外投资人提供了高质量人民币资产。

  此外,亚投行还根据成员需求第三次扩大“新冠疫情危机恢复基金”规模,为成员有效应对疫情冲击和恢复经济社会发展提供资金支持;同时,新设立了“低收入国家特别基金窗口”,帮助低收入成员提高项目准备和执行能力、降低融资成本。

  回望七年,硕果累累;展望未来,前景可期。

  亚投行行长金立群表示,站在新的起点,亚投行将继续肩负国际社会,特别是发展中国家对促进共同发展、完善全球经济治理的期待,秉持多边主义,坚持国际化、规范化和高标准经营,积极推动多边对话、深化国际合作,为应对全球性挑战、促进可持续发展作出更大贡献。

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